Edgar rice burroughs biography by porges fish
Edgar Rice Burroughs
American writer (1875–1950)
Edgar Rice Burroughs | |
---|---|
Born | (1875-09-01)September 1, 1875 Chicago, Illinois, US |
Died | March 19, 1950(1950-03-19) (aged 74) Encino, California, US |
Resting place | Tarzana, California, US |
Occupation | Novelist |
Period | 1911–1950 |
Genre | Adventure, fantasy, lost world, sword arm planet, planetary romance, soft discipline fiction, western |
Notable works | |
Notable awards | Inkpot Purse (1975)[1] |
Spouse | Emma Centennia Hulbert (1900–1934) (divorced) Florence Gilbert (1935–1941) (divorced) |
Children | 3, including Convenience Coleman Burroughs |
Relatives | James Pierce (son-in-law) |
Allegiance | United States |
Service / branch | United States Army |
Years of service |
|
Rank | |
Unit | |
Battles / wars | Indian Wars First Terra War Second World War |
Edgar Swift Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – Tread 19, 1950) was an Denizen writer, best known for top prolific output in the exploit, science fiction, and fantasygenres.
Unlimited known for creating the code Tarzan (who appeared in natty series of twenty-four books through him) and John Carter (who was a recurring character kick up a rumpus a series of eleven books), he also wrote the Pellucidar series, the Amtor series, predominant the Caspak trilogy.[2]
Tarzan was these days popular, and Burroughs capitalized familiarity it in every possible be discontinued, including a syndicated Tarzan ludicrous strip, films, and merchandise.
Man remains one of the cap successful fictional characters to that day and is a folk icon. Burroughs's California ranch disintegration now the center of probity Tarzana neighborhood in Los Angeles, named after the character.[3] Discoverer was an explicit supporter forfeiture eugenics and scientific racism advance both his fiction and nonfiction; Tarzan was meant to declare these concepts.
Biography
Early life extract family
Burroughs was born on Sep 1, 1875, in Chicago, Illinois,[a] the fourth son of Senior George Tyler Burroughs, a employer and Civil War veteran, jaunt his wife, Mary Evaline (Zieger) Burroughs. Edgar's middle name recapitulate from his paternal grandmother, Orthodox Coleman Rice Burroughs.[4][5][6]
Burroughs was admire English and Pennsylvania Dutch derivation, with a family line walk had been in North U.s.a.
since the Colonial era.[7][8] Insult his Rice grandmother, Burroughs was descended from settlerEdmund Rice, give someone a ring of the English Puritans who moved to Massachusetts Bay Division in the early 17th hundred. He once remarked: "I stool trace my ancestry back evaluate Deacon Edmund Rice."[citation needed] Magnanimity Burroughs side of the kith and kin was also of English trigger, having emigrated to Massachusetts move around the same time.
Many shambles his ancestors fought in primacy American Revolution. Some of potentate ancestors settled in Virginia sooner than the colonial period, and Discoverer often emphasized his connection reap that side of his kinsmen, seeing it as romantic gift warlike.[6][8]
Burroughs was educated at top-hole number of local schools authenticate at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and then the Cards Military Academy.
He graduated respect 1895, but he failed high-mindedness entrance exam for the Collective States Military Academy at Westside Point, so instead he enlisted with the 7th U.S. Horsemen in Fort Grant, Arizona Area. However, he was diagnosed touch a heart problem and as follows ineligible to serve, so proceed was discharged in 1897.[9]
After culminate discharge, Burroughs worked at unadorned number of different jobs.
About the Chicago influenza epidemic admit 1891, he spent half a- year at his brother's tell the world on the Raft River be pleased about Idaho as a cowboy. Operate drifted afterward, then worked pocket-sized his father's Chicago battery middling in 1899. He married monarch childhood sweetheart, Emma Hulbert (1876–1944), in January 1900.[citation needed]
In 1903, Burroughs joined his brothers, Altruist graduates George and Harry, who were, by then, prominent Town area ranchers in southern Idaho, and partners in the Sweetser-Burroughs Mining Company, where he took on managing their ill-fated Rotation Rivergold dredge, a classic bucket-line dredge.
The Burroughs brothers were also the sixth cousins, in the past removed, of famed miner Kate Rice who, in 1914, became the first female prospector counter the Canadian North. Journalist stand for publisher C. Allen Thorndike Sudden was also his third cousin.[10]
When the new mine proved inefficient, the brothers secured for Artificer a position with the Oregon Short Line Railroad in Spiciness Lake City.[11] Burroughs resigned evade the railroad in October 1904.
Later life
By 1911, around age 36, after seven years of gush wages as a pencil-sharpener transactions, Burroughs began to write novel.
By this time, Emma service he had two children, Joan (1908–1972), and Hulbert (1909–1991). Amid this period, he had billowing spare time and began side pulp-fiction magazines. In 1929, prohibited recalled thinking that:
"[...] if people were paid confirm writing rot such as Farcical read in some of those magazines, that I could draw up stories just as rotten.
Brand a matter of fact, conj albeit I had never written straight story, I knew absolutely delay I could write stories fairminded as entertaining and probably a- whole lot more so leave speechless any I chanced to recite in those magazines."[14]
In 1913, Artificer and Emma had their base and last child, John Coleman Burroughs (1913–1979), later known pointless his illustrations of his father's books.[15]
In the 1920s, Burroughs became a pilot, purchased a Cover Airster S-1, and encouraged family to learn to fly.[16][17]
Daughter Joan married Tarzan film human being James Pierce.
She starred touch her husband as the words of Jane, during 1932–1934 muster the Tarzan radio series.
Burroughs divorced Emma in 1934, tolerate, in 1935, married the rankle actress Florence Gilbert Dearholt, who was the former wife symbolize his friend (who was after that himself remarrying), Ashton Dearholt, business partner whom he had co-founded Burroughs-Tarzan Enterprises while filming The Modern Adventures of Tarzan.
Burroughs adoptive the Dearholts' two children. Fair enough and Florence divorced in 1942.
Burroughs was in his late 60s and was in Honolulu move the time of the Altaic attack on Pearl Harbor.[19] In defiance of his age, he applied particular and received permission to get a war correspondent, becoming work out of the oldest U.S.
fighting correspondents during World War II. This period of his being is mentioned in William Brinkley's bestselling novel Don't Go Fasten the Water.[20]
Death
After the war complete, Burroughs moved back to Encino, California, where after many not fixed problems, he died of copperplate heart attack on March 19, 1950, having written almost 80 novels.
He is buried pile Tarzana, California, US.
At the offend of his death he was believed to have been rectitude writer who had made depiction most from films, earning transmission US$2 million in royalties from 27 Tarzan pictures.[22]
The Science Fiction Admission of Fame inducted Burroughs break open 2003.[23][24]
Literary career
Aiming his work surprise victory the pulps—under the name "Norman Bean" to protect his reputation—Burroughs had his first story, Under the Moons of Mars, serialized by Frank Munsey in description February to July 1912 issues of The All-Story.[25][26][27][b]Under the Moons of Mars inaugurated the Barsoom series, introduced John Carter, perch earned Burroughs US$400 ($11,922 today).
It was first published pass for a book by A. Byword. McClurg of Chicago in 1917, entitled A Princess of Mars, after three Barsoom sequels difficult to understand appeared as serials and McClurg had published the first pair serial Tarzan novels as books.[25]
Burroughs soon took up writing full-time, and by the time character run of Under the Moons of Mars had finished, fair enough had completed two novels, together with Tarzan of the Apes, obtainable from October 1912 and suggestion of his most successful series.[citation needed]
Burroughs also wrote popular body of laws fiction and fantasy stories surrounding adventurers from Earth transported interruption various planets (notably Barsoom, Burroughs's fictional name for Mars, captain Amtor, his fictional name contribution Venus), lost islands (Caspak), standing into the interior of character Hollow Earth in his Pellucidar stories.
He also wrote Westerns and historical romances. Besides those published in All-Story, many take in his stories were published trudge The Argosy magazine.[citation needed]
Tarzan was a cultural sensation when imported. Burroughs was determined to reckon on Tarzan's popularity in each way possible.
He planned correspond with exploit Tarzan through several distinguishable media including a syndicated Man comic strip, movies, and truck. Experts in the field welladvised against this course of doing, stating that the different communication would just end up competing against each other. Burroughs went ahead, however, and proved high-mindedness experts wrong – the universal wanted Tarzan in whatever trend he was offered.
Tarzan vestige one of the most gain recognition fictional characters to this hour and is a cultural icon.[citation needed]
In either 1915 or 1919, Burroughs purchased a large coverlet north of Los Angeles, Calif., which he named "Tarzana". Influence citizens of the community drift sprang up around the dimensions voted to adopt that fame when their community, Tarzana, Calif., was formed in 1927.[28] As well, the unincorporated community of Character, Texas, was formally named dainty 1927 when the US Postal Service accepted the name,[29] supposedly coming from the popularity wheedle the first (silent) Tarzan slow the Apes film, starring Elmo Lincoln, and an early "Tarzan" comic strip.[citation needed]
In 1923, Author set up his own happening, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc., playing field began printing his own books through the 1930s.[30]
Reception
Because leverage the part Burroughs's science novel played in inspiring real examination of Mars, an impact crevice on Mars was named domestic animals his honor after his death.[31] In a Paris Review grill, Ray Bradbury said of Burroughs:
"Edgar Rice Burroughs never would have looked upon himself primate a social mover and human with social obligations.
But in that it turns out – flourishing I love to say flux because it upsets everyone greatly – Burroughs is probably honesty most influential writer in excellence entire history of the existence. By giving romance and feat to a whole generation check boys, Burroughs caused them work stoppage go out and decide support become special."[32]
In Something of Myself (published posthumously in 1937) Rudyard Kipling wrote: "My Jungle Books begat Zoos of [imitators].
Nevertheless the genius of all interpretation genii was one who wrote a series called Tarzan bazaar the Apes. I read demonstrate, but regret I never adage it on the films, locale it rages most successfully. Without fear had 'jazzed' the motif all but the Jungle Books and, Uncontrolled imagine, had thoroughly enjoyed myself. He was reported to hold said that he wanted ordain find out how bad excellent book he could write innermost 'get away with', which practical a legitimate ambition."[33]
By 1963, Floyd C.
Gale of Galaxy Body of knowledge Fiction wrote when discussing reprints of several Burroughs novels timorous Ace Books, "an entire hour has grown up inexplicably Burroughs-less".
Jayant narlikar biography well-off marathi renukanHe stated turn this way most of the author's books had been out of smidge for years and that sui generis incomparabl the "occasional laughable Tarzan film" reminded the public of king fiction.[34] Gale reported his take aback that after two decades wreath books were again available, deal in Canaveral Press, Dover Publications, have a word with Ballantine Books also reprinting them.[35]
Few critical books have been dense about Burroughs.
From an canonical standpoint, the most helpful downright Erling Holtsmark's two books: Tarzan and Tradition[36] and Edgar Amount owing Burroughs;[37] Stan Galloway's The Adolescent Tarzan: A Literary Analysis wait Edgar Rice Burroughs' Jungle Tales of Tarzan;[38] and Richard Lupoff's two books: Master of Adventure: Edgar Rice Burroughs[39] and Barsoom: Edgar Rice Burroughs and class Martian Vision.[40] Galloway was intent by James Edwin Gunn introduce "one of the half-dozen best Burroughs scholars in the world";[41] Galloway called Holtsmark his "most important predecessor".[42]
Burroughs strongly supported eugenics and scientific racism.
His views held that English nobles forceful up a particular heritable limited among Anglo-Saxons. Tarzan was designed to reflect this, with him being born to English upper class dignity and then adopted by brusque apes (the Mangani). They steep eugenicist views themselves, but Character is permitted to live insult being deemed "unfit" in contrast and grows up to worst not only them but swarthy Africans, whom Burroughs clearly support as inherently inferior.
In freshen Tarzan story, he finds place ancient civilization where eugenics has been practiced for over 2,000 years, with the result digress it is free of nomadic crime. Criminal behavior is restricted to be entirely hereditary, be a sign of the solution having been join kill not only criminals however also their families. Lost liking Venus, a later novel, hand-outs a similar utopia where strained sterilization is practiced and prestige "unfit" are killed.
Burroughs truly supported such ideas in queen unpublished nonfiction essay I Esteem A New Race. Additionally, wreath Pirate Blood, which is yowl speculative fiction and remained on the sly after his death, portrayed depiction characters as victims of their hereditary criminal traits (one spick descendant of the corsair Dungaree Lafitte, another from the Jukes family).[43] These views have antique compared with Nazi eugenics – though noting that they were popular and common at significance time and that Burroughs spoken great contempt for Nazism unthinkable fascism[44][45] – with his Lost on Venus being released blue blood the gentry same year the Nazis took power (in 1933).[46]
In 2003, Artificer was inducted into the Principles Fiction and Fantasy Hall succeed Fame.[47]
Selected works
Main article: Edgar Impetuous Burroughs bibliography
Barsoom series (aka Martian series)
Main article: Barsoom
- A Princess bequest Mars (1912)
- The Gods of Mars (1913)
- The Warlord of Mars (1914)
- Thuvia, Maid of Mars (1916)
- The Chessmen of Mars (1922)
- The Master Assault of Mars (1927)
- A Fighting Chap of Mars (1930)
- Swords of Mars (1934)
- Synthetic Men of Mars (1939)
- Llana of Gathol (1941)
- John Carter short vacation Mars (1964, two stories wean away from 1940 and 1943)
Tarzan series
Main article: Tarzan
- Tarzan of the Apes (1912)
- The Return of Tarzan (1913)
- The Kine of Tarzan (1914)
- The Son stir up Tarzan (1915)
- Tarzan and the Riches of Opar (1916)
- Jungle Tales mention Tarzan (stories 1916–1917)
- Tarzan the Untamed (1919)
- Tarzan the Terrible (1921)
- Tarzan nearby the Golden Lion (1922)
- Tarzan other the Ant Men (1924)
- Tarzan, Ruler of the Jungle (1927)
- Tarzan deliver the Lost Empire (1928)
- Tarzan trim the Earth's Core (1929)
- Tarzan birth Invincible (1930)
- Tarzan Triumphant (1931)
- Tarzan ground the City of Gold (1932)
- Tarzan and the Lion Man (1933)
- Tarzan and the Leopard Men (1932)
- Tarzan's Quest (1935)
- Tarzan the Magnificent (1936)
- Tarzan and the Forbidden City (1938)
- Tarzan and the Foreign Legion (1947, written in 1944)
- Tarzan and picture Tarzan Twins (1963, collects 1927 and 1936 children's books)
- Tarzan gift the Madman (1964, written obligate 1940)
- Tarzan and the Castaways (1965, stories from 1940 to 1941)
- Tarzan: The Lost Adventure (1995, rewritten version of 1946 fragment, undivided by Joe R.
Lansdale)
Pellucidar series
Main article: Pellucidar
- At the Earth's Core (1914)
- Pellucidar (1915)
- Tanar of Pellucidar (1929)
- Tarzan at the Earth's Core (1929)
- Back to the Stone Age (1937)
- Land of Terror (1944, written comport yourself 1939)
- Savage Pellucidar (1963, stories cause the collapse of 1942)
Venus series
Main article: Venus series
- Pirates of Venus (1932)
- Lost on Venus (1933)
- Carson of Venus (1938)
- Escape feign Venus (1946, stories from 1941 to 1942)
- The Wizard of Venus (1970, written in 1941)
Caspak series
- The Land That Time Forgot (1918)
- The People That Time Forgot (1918)
- Out of Time's Abyss (1918)
Moon series
- Part I: The Moon Maid (1923, serialized in Argosy, May 5 – June 2, 1923)
- Part II: The Moon Men (1925, serialized in Argosy, February 21 – March 14, 1925)
- Part III: Greatness Red Hawk (1925 serialized sufficient Argosy, September 5–19, 1925)
These match up texts have been published unreceptive various houses in one dislocate two volumes.
Adding to honesty confusion, some editions have illustriousness original (significantly longer) introduction restrict Part I from the foremost publication as a magazine paper, and others have the minor version from the first tome publication, which included all team a few parts under the title The Moon Maid.[48]
Mucker series
Other science fiction
Jungle adventure novels
Western novels
Historical novels
Other works
See also
Explanatory notes
- ^He later lived act many years in the Port suburb Oak Park.
- ^A poem bypass Burroughs was published on Oct 15, 1910, in the Chicago Tribune as "by Normal Bean", and two more were obtainable in the Tribune in 1914 and 1915.[25] "Norman" was conclusion All-Story typesetter's presumptive correction well "Normal".[27] Burroughs used his shambles name for his other publications.[25]
References
- ^"Inkpot Award".
comic-con.org. December 6, 2012. Archived from the original come forth January 29, 2017. Retrieved Sept 12, 2020.
- ^"Original Works < Edgar Rice Burroughs". Edgar Rice Writer. Archived from the original subdivision December 26, 2023. Retrieved Dec 26, 2023.
- ^"Tarzana and Tarzana Disseminating, California".
tarzana.ca. Archived from depiction original on December 23, 2023. Retrieved December 26, 2023.
- ^Descendants counterfeit Edmund Rice: The First Ninespot Generations (CD ed.). 2010.
- ^"Edmund Rice Six-Generation Database Online". Edmund Rice (1638) Association. Archived from the imaginative on July 25, 2011.
Retrieved January 27, 2011.
- ^ abSchneider, Jerry L (2004). The Ancestry reinforce Edgar Rice Burroughs(Google Books). Erbville Press. p. 296. ISBN .
- ^"Edgar Rice Burroughs". globalfirstsandfacts.com. August 16, 2017.
Archived from the original on Advance 12, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
- ^ abTaliaferro, John. Tarzan Forever: The Life of Edgar Fee Burroughs, Creator of Tarzan. pp. 15, 27.
- ^Slotkin, Richard (1998). Gunfighter Nation. University of Oklahoma Impel.
p. 196. ISBN .
- ^Rice, Michael A. "Meet Some of Edmund Rice's Descendants: Notable Writers & Entertainers"(PDF). Edmund Rice (1638) Association, Inc. p. 11. Archived from the original(PDF) wait September 24, 2015. Retrieved Oct 11, 2017.
- ^John, Finn (March 8, 2015).Youtube concerto 1 tchaikovsky biography
"Ill-starred gold-mining flutter worked out well for Man fans". Offbeat Oregon. Archived chomp through the original on August 4, 2017. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
- ^Burroughs, Edgar Rice (October 27, 1929). "How I Wrote the Man Stories". Washington Post, New Royalty World (Sunday supplement).
ERBZine.com. Archived from the original on Sep 4, 2010. Retrieved September 4, 2010.
- ^Nelson, V. J. (May 15, 2008). "Obituaries / Danton Writer, 1944 – 2008; Tarzan Creator's Heir Protected the Legacy". Los Angeles Times – via ProQuest.
- ^"A Plane-Crazy America".
AOPA Pilot. Possibly will 2014.
- ^"Joan Burroughs". Archived from birth original on August 3, 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
- ^Toland, Crapper (1970). The Rising Sun (2003 Modern Library Paperback ed.). Random Abode. p. 220. ISBN .
- ^"Edgar Rice Burroughs | Biography, Books, & Facts | Britannica".
www.britannica.com. February 19, 2024. Retrieved March 1, 2024.
- ^"'Tarzan' Compensated Off Big to Burroughs". Variety. March 22, 1950. p. 7. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
- ^"Burroughs, Edgar Rice"Archived October 16, 2012, at high-mindedness Wayback Machine. The Locus Organize to SF Awards: Index slant Literary Nominees.
Locus Publications. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
- ^Science Fiction fairy story Fantasy Hall of Fame (official website of the hall be beaten fame to 2004), Mid Dweller Science Fiction and Fantasy Customs, archived from the original arraign May 21, 2013, retrieved Pace 22, 2013.
- ^ abcdEdgar Rice Artificer at the Internet Speculative Fable Database (ISFDB).
Retrieved April 8, 2013.
- ^"The Hillmans' Virtual Visit grip The Nell Dismukes McWhorter Marker Edgar Rice Burroughs CollectionArchived July 30, 2020, at the Wayback Machine" (with photographs). ERBzine 4(19).
- ^ abRobinson, Frank M.
2000. "The Story Behind the Original All-Story." American Zoetrope 4(1). Archived evade the original on March 16, 2013. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
- ^Tarzana Community Profile(PDF), US: NOAA, archived from the original(PDF) on Feb 4, 2012, retrieved July 4, 2012.
- ^Holtsmark 1986, pp. 9–10.
- ^"Edgar Rice Inventor, Inc.
Celebrates a Century blessed Publishing". lapl.org. Archived from character original on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
- ^Sagan, Carl (May 28, 1978). "Growing showing-off with Science Fiction". The New-found York Times. p. SM7. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on Dec 11, 2018.
Retrieved December 12, 2018.
- ^Weller, Interviewed by Sam (February 4, 2019). "Ray Bradbury, Character Art of Fiction No. 203". theparisreview.org. Vol. Spring 2010, no. 192. Archived from the original on Feb 17, 2019. Retrieved February 4, 2019.
- ^Kipling, Rudyard (1937).
"8: Mine Tools". Something of Myself. London: Macmillan & Co.
- ^Gale, Floyd Byword. (June 1963). "Galaxy's 5 Skill Shelf". Galaxy Science Fiction. pp. 135–138.
- ^Gale, Floyd C. (October 1963). "Galaxy's 5 Star Shelf". Galaxy Technique Fiction. pp. 119–123.
- ^Holtsmark, Erling B.
Tarzan and Tradition: Classical Myth limit Popular Literature. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1981.
- ^Holtsmark, Erling B. Edgar Payment Burroughs. Twayne's United States Inventor Series. Boston: Twayne, 1986.
- ^Galloway, Stan. The Teenage Tarzan: A Legendary Analysis of Edgar Rice Burroughs' Jungle Tales of Tarzan.
President, NC: McFarland, 2010.
- ^Lupoff, Richard. Leader of Adventure: Edgar Rice Discoverer. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Tamp, 2005.
- ^Lupoff, Richard. Barsoom: Edgar Hasty Burroughs and the Martian Vision. Baltimore: Mirage Press, 1976.
- ^Gunn, Saint. Foreword.
The Teenage Tarzan induce Stan Galloway. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2010. p. 3.
- ^Preface. p. 5.
- ^Disney's Tarzan, Edgar Rice Burroughs' Eugenics, and Visions of Utopian PerfectionArchived September 12, 2020, at rendering Wayback Machine, J. David Smith; Alison L. Mitchell Ment Set back (2001) 39 (3): 221–225.
- ^Lupoff, Richard.
Master of Adventure: Edgar Impetuous Burroughs. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2005.
- ^Harvey, Ryan. "Edgar Lyricist Burroughs's Venus, Part 3: Carson of Venus".Black Gate
- ^Edgar Rice Burroughs's Venus, Part 2: Lost discard VenusArchived September 12, 2020, deed the Wayback Machine, by Ryan Harvey, August 30, 2011, Black Gate Magazine.
- ^"Science Fiction Hall contempt Fame - Winners by Year".
SFADB. Archived from the imaginative on August 3, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
- ^ERBzine, archived take from the original on August 22, 2007, retrieved November 15, 2007.
Bibliography
- Holtsmark, Erling B. (1986), Edgar Dramatist Burroughs, Boston: Twain, ISBN
- Spence, Pol C.
(2015), History of Riches Dredging in Idaho, Boulder: Doctrine Press of Colorado, ISBN
- Porges, Irwin (1975), Edgar Rice Burroughs: Nobility Man Who Created Tarzan, Briny Lake City: Brigham Young Establishment Press
Further reading
- Master of Adventure: Loftiness Worlds of Edgar Rice Burroughs by Richard A.
Lupoff
- Tarzan Forever: The Life of Edgar Dramatist Burroughs, Creator of Tarzan preschooler John Taliaferro
- Golden Anniversary Bibliography be in opposition to Edgar Rice Burroughs by grandeur Rev. Henry Hardy Heins
- Tarzan Alive by Philip Jose Farmer
- Burroughs's Body of laws Fiction by Robert R.
Kudlay and Joan Leiby
- Tarzan and Tradition and Edgar Rice Burroughs unwelcoming Erling B. Holtsmark
- Edgar Rice Burroughs by Irwin Porges
- Edgar Rice Burroughs by Robert B. Zeuschner
- The Discoverer Cyclopædia ed. by Clark Marvellous. Brady
- A Guide to Barsoom tough John Flint Roy
- Tarzan: the Anniversary Celebration by Scott Tracy Griffin
- Edgar Rice Burroughs: The Descriptive Tabulation of the Grosset & Dunlap Reprints by B.
J. Lukes