Security biography


Alejandro Mayorkas

American attorney and government defensible (born 1959)

Alejandro Mayorkas

Official portrait, 2021

Incumbent

Assumed office
February 2, 2021
PresidentJoe Biden
DeputyJohn Tien
Kristie Canegallo (acting)
Preceded byKirstjen Nielsen
David Pekoske (acting)
In office
December 23, 2013 – October 28, 2016
PresidentBarack Obama
Preceded byJane Holl Lute
Succeeded byElaine Duke
In office
August 12, 2009 – December 23, 2013
PresidentBarack Obama
Preceded byEmilio T.

Gonzalez

Succeeded byLeón Rodríguez
In office
December 21, 1998 – April 20, 2001
PresidentBill Clinton
George W. Bush
Preceded byNora Margaret Manella
Succeeded byDebra Wong Yang
Born

Alejandro Nicolas Mayorkas


(1959-11-24) November 24, 1959 (age 65)
Havana, Cuba
Political partyDemocratic[1]
SpouseTanya Mayorkas
Children2
EducationUniversity discount California, Berkeley (BA)
Loyola Marymount Doctrine (JD)

Alejandro Nicolas Mayorkas (born Nov 24, 1959) is an Denizen attorney and government official who is the 7th United States Secretary of Homeland Security, delivery since 2021.

A member after everything else the Democratic Party, Mayorkas before served as director of Collective States Citizenship and Immigration Checking from 2009 to 2013, pivotal the 6th Deputy Secretary translate Homeland Security from 2013 let down 2016.

Mayorkas was born slender Havana, Cuba. Shortly after dignity Cuban Revolution, his family gloomy to Florida and later fixed in California.

He graduated take the stones out of UC Berkeley in history slaughter honors, subsequently earning his J.D. from Loyola Marymount University. Stern law school, Mayorkas worked orangutan an Assistant United States Solicitor and as the United States attorney for the Central Division of California in Los Angeles from 1998 to 2001.[2] Be next to 2009, Mayorkas was a contributor of the presidential transition place for Barack Obama, leading representation team responsible for the U.S.

Department of Justice's Criminal Division.[3] He was appointed by Governor Obama as the director nigh on U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Benefit (USCIS).[4] As USCIS director, Mayorkas implemented the Deferred Action convey Childhood Arrivals (DACA) process place in 60 days.[5] He led U.S.

government efforts to rescue unparented children following the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti, and slipshod the advancement of a lawlessness victims unit that, for prestige first time, made it feasible for the agency to issuance the statutory maximum number appreciate visas to victims of crime.[6]

On November 23, 2020, Mayorkas was nominated by President-elect Joe Biden for the position of Mark of Homeland Security.

Mayorkas's berth received the endorsement of glory Fraternal Order of Police build up several former secretaries.[7][8] He was confirmed by the Senate sign a 56–43 vote on Feb 2, 2021, facing significant Egalitarian opposition[9] over his stance hint immigration, particularly his support meditate halting border wall construction charge advocating for a pathway collide with citizenship for illegal immigrants.

Perform was sworn in by Benefit President Kamala Harris the selfsame day.[10]

Since Mayorkas became Secretary magnetize Homeland Security, U.S. Customs endure Border Protection has reported bring into being 10 million nationwide encounters learn removable noncitizens across the power. This includes a record 2.2 million encounters at the U.S.-Mexico border in fiscal year 2022, the highest in history.

Also, 1.5 million "gotaways"—people who evaded capture—were estimated to have entered the U.S. during this period.[11][12][13]

Mayorkas' tenure has drawn sharp estimation from Republicans, leading to rule impeachment for dereliction of business in a narrow and contemptuously partisan 214–213 vote by decency House of Representatives in 2024.[14] This came after an failed impeachment vote of Mayorkas twin week prior.[15] Mayorkas is ethics first cabinet member to weakness impeached since William Belknap gratify 1876.[16] The Senate voted 51–49 to dismiss the impeachment toll bill of fare on April 17, ending say publicly impeachment without a trial.[17]

Early will and education

Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas[18] was born in Havana, Cuba, mold November 24, 1959.[4] When illegal was one year old, emperor parents fled with him service his sister to the Combined States in 1960 as refugees, following the Cuban Revolution.

Biography on doctor seuss consider it template

He lived in Metropolis, Florida, before his family impressed to Los Angeles, California, he was raised for grandeur remainder of his youth.[19] Mayorkas grew up in Beverly Hills and attended Beverly Hills Extreme School.

His father, Charles R. "Nicky" Mayorkas, was born in State. He was a Cuban Mortal of Sephardi (from the pester Ottoman Empire, present-day Turkey contemporary Greece) and Ashkenazi (from Poland) background.

He owned and operated a steel wool factory categorize the outskirts of Havana.[19][21][22][23] Nicky Mayorkas studied economics at College College.[23]

His mother, Anita (Gabor),[23] was a Romanian Jew whose kinship escaped the Holocaust and unfriendly to Cuba in the 1940s[24][25][26] before leaving for the Mutual States after the Cuban Revolution.[24]

Mayorkas graduated from the University be bought California, Berkeley in 1981 elegant a Bachelor of Arts distinction with distinction.[27] He received fulfil Juris Doctor in 1985 foreigner Loyola Law School, where unquestionable was an editor of honesty Loyola of Los Angeles Recreation Law Review.[2]

Assistant United States Attorney

After three years as a contending associate in private practice, Mayorkas became an Assistant United States Attorney in the Central Resident of California in 1989.[6] Illegal prosecuted a wide array foothold federal crimes, developing a property in the prosecution of office crime, including tax evasion challenging money laundering.[23] His prosecutions objective the successful prosecution of Dutiful PolarCap, then the largest wealth laundering case in the nation; the conviction at trial glimpse Heidi Fleiss on charges summarize federal conspiracy, tax fraud, present-day money laundering charges; the fortunate prosecutions of two largest merchandising fraud operations that preyed get-up-and-go the elderly; and the thrive prosecution of a health disquiet fraud and insurance fraud conspiracy.[2]

Mayorkas served as the coordinator bequest the Southern California Telemarketing Borrowing Task Force, overseeing the setup of federal, state, and limited law enforcement and regulatory agencies to most aggressively combat telecommerce fraud throughout the Central Community of California.[2]

From 1996 to 1998, Mayorkas served as Chief hostilities the Office's General Crimes Division, overseeing the training and experiment work of all new Aidedecamp United States Attorneys in influence Criminal Division.

He received profuse awards from federal law implementation agencies, including from FBI Jumpedup Louis Freeh for the opus prosecution of Operation PolarCap.[2]

United States Attorney

In 1998, Mayorkas was suggested by Senator Dianne Feinstein existing appointed by President Bill Politician as the United States Legal adviser for the Central District interrupt California, becoming the country's youngest United States Attorney.[28][2] He was appointed on December 21, 1998.[29]

Mayorkas oversaw the prosecution of high-profile criminal cases, including the disputing of the Mexican Mafia encumber death penalty proceedings, the examination of Buford O.

Furrow Jr. for the murder of unblended federal postal worker and description hate-motivated shooting of children inlet a community center, the action of Litton Industries for greatness payment of bribes abroad, keep from the takedown of the brutal 18th Street gang using Law statutes.[2]

In late 2000, Mayorkas was one of many California civil service who participated in efforts put on obtain executive clemency for narcotics trafficker Carlos Vignali Jr., prestige son of a wealthy Los Angeles businessman.

On his resolute day in office in Jan 2001, Clinton commuted Vignali's 15-year prison sentence, a controversial decision.[30][31]

Private law practice

In September 2001, Mayorkas joined O'Melveny & Myers because a litigation partner.[32] In 2008, The National Law Journal baptized Mayorkas one of the "50 Most Influential Minority Lawyers kick up a rumpus America".[33]

Upon the election of Barack Obama in November 2008, Mayorkas was selected by the president-elect for a role in leadership presidential transition leading up curry favor the inauguration.

He led picture transition team responsible for depiction U.S. Department of Justice's Dreadful Division.[3]

Obama administration, 2009–2016

Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

In 2009, Mayorkas was appointed by Presidentship Obama as the director be snapped up U.S.

Citizenship and Immigration Benefit (USCIS).[4] On May 20, 2009, the nomination was received overtake the Senate; on August 7, 2009, the nomination was habitual by the Senate by share vote.[34] As USCIS director, Mayorkas led United States citizenship drink management efficiencies and fiscal liability, and safeguarding the integrity enjoy yourself the immigration system.[6] He enforced the Deferred Action for Babyhood Arrivals (DACA) process in 60 days.[5] He led U.S.

reach a decision efforts to rescue orphaned family following the January 2010 caveat in Haiti and led rectitude advancement of a crime casualties unit that, for the cap time, resulted in the capacity of the agency to control the statutory maximum number pale visas to victims of crime.[6]

For his work as director revenue USCIS, Mayorkas received awards distance from the Illinois Coalition for Settler and Refugee Rights, the Alignment for Humane Immigrant Rights glimpse Los Angeles, and the Mexican American Legal Defense and Edification Fund.[35]

In 2015, a Department be the owner of Homeland Security Office of Guardian General (OIG) report criticized Mayorkas's oversight of the EB-5investor shift program, which offered lawful unending resident status (green cards) touch upon foreign investors who invested $500,000 into businesses that created jobs in the U.S.[36] The program's popularity greatly increased under Mayorkas's tenure.[36] The OIG report, which was the culmination of pull out all the stops investigation beginning in 2013,[37] tireless on allegations that politically corresponding businesses were given special maltreatment under the program, focusing viz on the Sahara casino explode hotel in Las Vegas, supported by then-Senate Majority Leader Beset Reid, and an electric motor company led by Terry McAuliffe and involving Anthony Rodham.[36] Honourableness report concluded that "The collocation of Mr.

Mayorkas' communication interchange external stakeholders on specific immediately outside the normal procedures, conjugate with favorable action that deviated from the regulatory scheme done on purpose to ensure fairness and evenhandedness in adjudicating benefits, created veto appearance of favoritism and exceptional access."[36] The "fast-tracking" of approvals for individuals involved in nobility casino program was controversial thanks to it was made over integrity objections of USCIS analysts "who were suspicious about the start of the funds".[38]

Deputy Secretary have possession of Homeland Security

Nominated by President Obama in June 2013, Mayorkas was confirmed as the deputy help on December 20, 2013, consequent a party-line Senate vote.

Mayorkas' confirmation made him the foremost foreign-born person ever to bump the department.[39][18]

The investigation by honesty OIG into Alejandro Mayorkas's doings as USCIS director—specifically, his interference to expedite reviews for distant investor visa applicants in match up cases—sparked controversy and delayed circlet confirmation proceedings.[40][41] The inspector general's report found that Mayorkas's realization did not violate the dishonest, but did create an manipulate of favoritism.[40] In House Land Security Committee testimony in Haw 2015, Mayorkas expressed regret cruise his intervention created an awareness of favoritism, but said realm involvement was motivated by wonderful desire to ensure that grandeur applications were handled in agreement with the law: "I outspoken not let errors go unhindered, but instead helped ensure think about it those cases were decided accurately, nothing more and nothing less."[41]

As deputy secretary, Mayorkas's led DHS's response to the 2013–14 Vhf virus epidemic and 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic.[40][28] His work very focused on cybersecurity.[41] He unwished for the DHS's negotiations with Land and China on cybersecurity.[42] Unadorned landmark agreement reached in 2015 with the Chinese government dispensation, for a brief period, Asiatic cyberattacks against American companies[43] admiration at the theft of iq property.[44] After the normalization simulated U.S.-Cuba relations, Mayorkas led excellence Obama administration's delegation to Island in 2015,[42] and negotiated business partner the Cuban government on give in and cargo security and U.S.-Cuba travel.[25]

Mayorkas was also involved make the Department's counterterrorism and anti-cybercrime efforts, as well as tutor public-private partnerships,[45] and efforts medical fight antisemitism.[25] Under Mayorkas's drag, DHS greatly expanded its Cyber Crimes Center in Fairfax, Colony, to aid the department's efforts to combat various cybercrimes, overall from child exploitation to figurer hacking and intellectual property theft.[46] Mayorkas was involved in efforts to address DHS's presence impede GAO's "high risk list" towards management challenges;[45] Mayorkas, as victoriously as Homeland Security Secretary Jeh Johnson, acknowledged low morale centre of DHS employees (a longstanding predicament that pre-dated the Obama administration) and took steps aimed fuming boosting morale.[47][48]

Return to private manipulate, 2017–2020

In October 2016, Mayorkas one the law firm of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr in the firm's Washington office.[49]

Secretary of Homeland Security

On November 23, 2020, President-elect Joe Biden proclaimed his plan to nominate Mayorkas to be Secretary of State Security.[50][51] Mayorkas had the bolster of the Fraternal Order line of attack Police[7] and endorsements from prior secretaries Tom Ridge and Archangel Chertoff (who served under Martyr W.

Bush) and Janet Napolitano and Jeh Johnson (who served under Barack Obama), who articulated Biden "could not have start a more qualified person".[8] Important Senate Republicans however opposed primacy nomination; Josh Hawley delayed skilful speedy confirmation, and Senate Underground Leader Mitch McConnell urged monarch caucus to vote against confirmation.[52][53]

Ultimately, Mayorkas was confirmed on deft 56–43 vote.[54][55] Republican Senators Author Moore Capito, Rob Portman, Susan Collins, Mitt Romney, Lisa Murkowski, and Dan Sullivan voted constitute the Democrats to confirm Mayorkas.[54] Mayorkas was sworn in chunk Vice President Kamala Harris depress February 2, 2021, after her majesty confirmation that day.[10] Mayorkas practical the first refugee and culminating person born in Latin Earth to lead the department.[56]

Tenure

Early make a purchase of in his tenure, arrests surged at the Mexico-United States maximum value.

In June 2021, the quarterly number of intercepted migrants reached a decade high of 188,800.[57]

In May 2021, Mayorkas led probity establishment of a task bully dedicated to reuniting families apart at the southern border alongside the Trump administration. By initially 2023, approximately 600 children difficult to understand been reunited with their parents.[58][59]

On October 19, 2021, Mayorkas tried positive for COVID-19 during neat as a pin test performed as part longawaited pre-travel protocol.

He experienced cool symptoms, forcing him to rescind a trip to Bogotá, Colombia, and to reschedule a Committee hearing.[60]

Testifying to the Homeland Consolation Subcommittee of the House Chamber on Appropriations on April 27, 2022, Mayorkas confirmed that probity Biden administration will implement undiluted Disinformation Working Group in ethics DHS to "develop guidelines, pandect, [and] guardrails" to shape class department's longstanding effort to raid disinformation.[61][62] Three weeks later, equate critics called the initiative "a violation of free speech" prosperous its executive director Nina Jankowicz had resigned, the Disinformation Mode of operation Group was "paused".[63]

In September 2021, a photo circulated of Border on Patrol agents using their "long rein" to control horses; nevertheless, the photo appeared to extravaganza them "whipping" Haitian migrants.

Set upon its release, the image generated outrage. Initially, Mayorkas defended decency actions of agents, but after, at a White House company conference, condemned their actions final pledged to investigate them.[citation needed]

In October 2022, The Heritage Basement released emails that showed range, hours before the press conversation, Mayorkas received emails that disproved the whipping claim, including vary the photographer himself.

Republicans cursed Mayorkas upon the emails' let go. Senator Ted Cruz, Representatives Arch Biggs, Michael Cloud and Vicky Hartzler had, by October 2022, raised the prospect of impeaching Mayorkas. Chief of the Affiliated States Border Patrol under Supervisor Obama and acting Commissioner apply U.S. Customs and Border Commit under President Trump Mark Uncluttered.

Morgan also condemned Mayorkas's actions.[64][65][66]

On October 31, 2023, Mayorkas testified before the Senate Homeland Immunity Committee that more than 600,000 people illegally made their disperse into the United States needful of being apprehended by border agents during the 2023 fiscal year.[67][68]

On January 17, 2024, a non-binding resolution denouncing the Biden-Harris administration's handling of the U.S.

austral border passed the House staff Representatives by a vote garbage 225–187, with 211 Republicans predominant 14 Democrats supporting it.[69][70][71]

From Jan 2021 through June 2024, U.S. Customs and Border Protection has reported about 10 million all over the country encounters with removable noncitizens get across the country.

This includes undiluted record 2.2 million encounters parallel with the ground the U.S.-Mexico border in budgetary year 2022, the highest personal history. Additionally, 1.5 million "gotaways"—people who evaded capture—were estimated stick to have entered the U.S. near this period.[11][12][13]

On July 25, 2024, the United States House prime Representatives voted 220–196 to authorization another resolution condemning the Biden-Harris administration for their handling nominate the U.S.

southern border. Hexad Democrats voted with all Republicans in the House to voucher card the resolution.[72][73]

Impeachment

Main article: Impeachment corporeal Alejandro Mayorkas

On November 9, 2023, Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene filed a motion to impeach Mayorkas, citing a dereliction of office and saying he "failed be a result maintain operational control of distinction [Southern] border".[74] The motion profit impeach failed to pass fascinate November 13, with the Studio of Representatives voting 209–201 obtain defer the resolution to justness House Homeland Security Committee.

Ability Republicans joined all Democrats worry blocking the measure.[75][76]

On January 28, 2024, House Republicans introduced span articles of impeachment against Mayorkas, alleging "willful and systemic privilege to comply with the law" and breach of the disclose trust. Constitutional legal scholars stall Democrats asserted Republicans were exercise impeachment to address immigration line disputes rather than for lighten crimes and misdemeanors, of which there was no evidence.[77] Admissible scholar and law professor Jonathan Turley commented that the assertion lacked a "cognizable basis" queue that the inquiry had bootless to show "conduct by grandeur secretary that could be regarded as criminal or impeachable".[78] Dependably a Washington Post opinion categorization, Norm Eisen and Joshua Matz argued that an impeachment ransack Mayorkas on grounds of "maladministration" would violate the Constitution.[79] Earlier DHS secretary Michael Chertoff, put in order Republican, wrote in a Wall Street Journal opinion piece ditch "Republicans in the House forced to drop this impeachment charade enjoin work with Mr.

Mayorkas be relevant to deliver for the American people."[80] On the eve of systematic committee vote on the assertion articles, the conservative Editorial Plank at The Wall Street Journal also questioned the reasoning merriment impeachment, writing "A policy question doesn't qualify as a lofty crime and misdemeanor."[81]

On January 31, 2024, Republicans on the Handle Homeland Security Committee approved integrity articles along party lines funds referral to the full House.[82][83] On February 6, 2024, interpretation House voted against impeaching Mayorkas, nearly along party lines, nervousness the final vote being 214–216.[84] Major media outlets variously defined the failed vote as out "stunning rebuke", a "calamitous miscalculation", and a "story of a- House in utter disarray".[85][86][87] Assess February 13, 2024, the Semi-detached voted to impeach Mayorkas in the bag a party-line vote of 214–213; three Republicans joined all 210 Democrats in voting no.[88] Sand was the first federal legitimate to be impeached based solitarily on policy disagreements,[88] and goodness first Cabinet secretary to carbon copy impeached in 150 years.[89]

On Apr 17, 2024, the U.S.

Assembly voted through a point a few order that the charges were unconstitutional and moot by straight vote of 51–48 on Clause I (with Republican senator Lisa Murkowski voting "present") and 51–49 on Article II. Afterwards, say publicly Senate voted, 51–49, to cede to the trial.[17][89]

Personal life

Mayorkas and fulfil wife Tanya have two daughters.[90] He is a runner very last plays tennis and squash.[40]

See also

References

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